When it comes to the long run, theories abound. A certain influencer says this, scientific research says that (yet somehow you believe the influencer, but thatâs another story). Or your buddy swears at a new esoteric formula that allows you to run only twice a week and still improve all your PRs, but then, here comes fill-in-the-blank.
Most theories and formulas have their merit, but some are just quacks. Yet certain non-negotiables canât be overlooked if you strive to improve your endurance, times, PRs, and enjoyment in running. These are my six non-negotiables:
Hydration â it is not about drinking water during your long run. It is about setting a hydration strategy that goes beyond your time pounding the asphalt. Hydration is a weeklong strategy. You canât cram hydration the night before or the morning of your long run. A healthy intake of water and electrolytes throughout your day, every day, every week, will ensure you are primed to withstand the sweating rigors of your run, during which you must rehydrate as you go, of course. Donât start on a deficit. In the best circumstances, it is a recipe for a bad run; in the worst, for disaster.
Night-Before Dinner â A key component to the next dayâs long run success. It must be carb-rich, as they will help top off your glycogen (muscle fuel) stores. This is not the time for a big-ass stake or a huge salad. This is not the time to try that new restaurant your family has been dying to go to. This dinner is âme timeâ. It is about preparing for tomorrow. Itâs the time to be a little selfish and make sure your posse understands your nutritional needs. You can please everyone else with their meal choice tomorrow. One more thing: Give yourself plenty of time to digest your dinner.
Pre-Run Fuel â There are plenty of benefits to running in a fasted state, but those do not apply to your long run. Even if you had the perfect meal the night before, your body used glycogen and water to keep you alive through the night. So, even if you feel you can tough it out, hydrate and have a carb-rich snack before you start. There is no reason to start your journey without your tank topped off when the solution is so accessible. Your body will thank you with better performance and less fatigue.
In-run Fueling â Even though your body is designed to perform at a certain level of dehydration and calorie deficit (meaning you donât need to replace every drop of water as you sweat it or every calorie as you burn it), you must eventually replenish so your body continues performing over the energy demands throughout the workout. For that, you must develop your personalized protocol. Forget what experts say and figure out what is best for you. When do you need water? When do you need a gel? When do you need electrolytes? It is all about your individual needs so that you may keep the engine burning hot.
Execute your plan â When you go out for a long run, be clear about what you want to accomplish from your training, and make sure of that before you turn on your watch. You shouldnât be surprised by a mile-repeat in the middle of your run. You shouldnât figure out you are going 12 miles at mile 2. You should have known that yesterday, if not earlier. Being prepared is the key to success, and itâs better to avoid needing a week to recover instead of a day or two.
Purposeful Recovery â You finished your long run. Great! Congrats! Let the Strava kudos and the Instagram likes pour in. What now? Well, if you want your body to benefit from the workout, you must start the recovery process ASAP. This means you should not get in your car 30 seconds after you are done. You should catch your breath, cool down, stretch, rehydrate, ingest protein and carbohydrates (chocolate milk is an excellent way to do so), and make sure that, as your body enters recovery mode, it can recuperate stronger, faster. Eat, hydrate, and sleep so you are ready to use the benefits of that long run as soon as possible.
There are many theories about the long run, some with merits, some without. If you want to build strength, endurance, and confidence, not just for race day, but for years to come, I truly recommend you incorporate your non-negotiables into the long run. These have all been proven.
Please share your thoughts in the comment box below.
We are facing a brand-new year. Twelve clean-slated months ready to be lived. 365 crisp calendar pages waiting to be filled with experiences, memories, and achievements. The time has come not only to have our goals ready but also to set up a plan to realize them.
If you, like most of us procrastinators, are not thoroughly prepared for 2026, please read below to follow a structure and get there before the final countdown of 2025.
âș Reflect on what happened in 2025 — To know where you are going, you must know where you are coming from. Understanding what made the previous year a success, less than that, or even a miserable failure, is the key to making the necessary adjustments. Adjustments will be needed to maintain the same trajectory or to find new paths to reach that elusive road to success. So, take your time to look back, reminisce, identify, understand, and realize before you take any steps towards defining what you want from your running in 2026.
âș Set up your 2026 goals now — Do not procrastinate. Figure out what you want from your running this year. Goals may be time-related (first 5K under 25), distance-related (finally getting to 1000), social (I want to make like-minded friends), health-related (losing those last few pounds), or a combination of everything. Adjustments and detours are expected, but to adjust and recenter, you must have a clear path to your destination.
âș Register for the races — If your goal is performance-related in a specific race, time, or distance, register for a race right now as soon as you are done reading this post. Nothing will get you more focused than having a date with destiny in your calendar. I know of no focusing tool sharper than spending the money on an upcoming race. And if your goal race hasnât opened registration yet, register for another race so you can stay active and focused until the day comes.
âșVenture outside your comfort zone — Running is a sport that, beyond the health and social benefits, can teach us so much about who we are and how the bounds of our limits are far beyond what we thought possible. So, donât get comfy just on what you know. Set up an extravagant short-term goal to keep your training fresh and varied. If you like marathons and halves, push for the fastest 5K you can. If you like the shorter distances, set up a trial date for your fastest mile ever. The options are endless: run an ultra, venture into a trail, force yourself to run slower, etc. Your imagination is the limit.
âș Embrace failure — Failing is part of the process, and eventually, you will fail. You get up, dust off, figure out what happened, reassess, and keep moving forward. If you learned something from it, it is not a failure. And when you donât get what you originally set out for, you get experience, which could be even more valuable than the original goal.
âș Remember you are doing this for fun — Unless your familyâs economic survival depends on your running performance, you are just running because you like it. So, make sure everything you do contributes to the enjoyment and extension of your running journey, and the satisfaction of achieving your goals while keeping yourself injury-free.
My sincere wish for you in 2026, my dear reader, is a year of endless, injury-free miles and PRs in all your distances. May you plan properly to accomplish it all.
A handful of weekends ago, while running with a friend, I asked her about her latest marathon. She had plenty to say about the poor organization, but what bugged her the most, and with plenty of reason, was her pacerâs strategy.
Banking time is the worst racing strategy ever (Image by Grok)
My friend and her buddy were aiming for a specific time goal and decided a pacer was the way to reach it. Isnât that why theyâre there? But this particular one decided the way to achieve the goal was to go faster so the group could âbank time and be ahead when they were tired at the endâ.
What? Seriously? What running genius came up with that one? WTF?
The reason for a pacerâs existence is to keep a pace, hence the name. Theyâre there to facilitate the feasibility of you achieving a preset finishing time. I wrote about running with a pacer a few years ago, so Iâm not going into the details of what it entails. I do recommend you check out that post by clicking here.
Letâs illustrate how bad this strategy sucks with an example: Letâs say you trained for a 3:59 marathon, so you’re averaging about 9:05 per mile. If your pacer is running just 5% faster, which doesnât seem like much, he/she will be guiding you at 8:38 per mile. If you can make it to 15 miles in 2:09:30 without imploding, you will be 6:45 ahead. To make your goal time, you now have 1:49:30 to complete 11 miles. That is a 9:57 pace.
Does this make sense for someone who trained to run around a 9:05 pace?
Ensuring you hit the wall with enough time to spare when the suck fest begins will not improve your chances of hitting your goal. Thatâs a guarantee. My friend and her friend did the right thing; they ditched the pacer and ran their own race.
This said, what is the most sensible racing strategy for a race?
Negative Split
The best strategy is usually the negative split. Even though it sounds bad just because of the word ânegativeâ, it is the sensible way to go, especially as distances or time on your feet get longer.
A negative split means you complete the second half of your race faster than the first. This can be achieved by properly managing a race. You start easy as you warm up and sort out the initial foot traffic, you follow your race plan to the tee, you hydrate and fuel properly, and then, you have plenty in the tank to coast to the finish line. Strong, happy, and having achieved your goal. Speaking for me alone, this is a better experience than having a few minutes to spare during a guaranteed, miserable end of the race.
In the example above, imagine the runner took three miles to warm up at 20 seconds over marathon pace, then picked it up at 5 seconds over pace until halfway. Then she picked it up for 10 miles at marathon pace, and when she found herself at mile 23, she still had enough to kick it up a notch, going 7 seconds under pace. That is a marathon in 3:59:28. First half in 2:00:50 and the second half in 1:58:38, a 2:12 negative split.
What makes more sense?
But What About a 5K?
One thing is a 5k, another one is a longer distance where you canât push with all your might for the duration of the race.
There is a valid 5K racing strategy where you run the first mile as fast as you can, the second one a tad slower as you adjust for fatigue, and then you hold for dear life on the last mile to give it whatever you have left. This is different from banking time, as it is a short race in which you are taking advantage of being fresh at the start. You donât have time to adjust if you make a mistake, and you still have enough in you to finish strong, even without a negative split.
There are plenty of bad racing strategies, such as running someone elseâs race, running ahead of the pacers, trying new gear, not warming up if you plan to start fast, etc. But among all these crappy ones, there is an undisputed world-record holder: Banking time for later.
Any thoughts? Please share in the comment box below.
When I started running over four decades ago, there was very little literature on the sport. A new book here or there, mostly from runners sharing their own experience; or a subscription to Runnerâs World or The Runner magazine, was it for sources of knowledge and inspiration?
Well into the second running boom, with the internet in play and billions of Dollars to be made, companies started investing in science, research, and development. Colleges and Universities began promoting their exercise physiology departments, and suddenly, we have more information than we can digest.
Many bad habits and myths remain from those prehistoric running days. There are still runners who believe that consuming the 7th serving of pasta the night before the marathon will give them an edge. We still have those who prefer collapsing rather than chop a mile from their long run on a mid-summer day.
Below you will find six basic strategies to unlock your training, especially now that racing season is almost here.
1 â It is about consistency: Hitting all those splits is awesome, but it is not whatâs going to make you better. You hit the splits because you are better. There is no magic workout that will take you over the top. Good and bad workouts are part of the mix, and if you have more good ones than bad ones, you are on the right track. Every time you perform, you get a little bit better. All those little bits eventually fill the bucket. Thatâs where your PR lies. Not on that PR 400-meter repeat in training. Focus on the long game as you train as often as your body allows. You will see the difference.
2 â Progress smartly: There are no shortcuts in running. Sure, you can run a marathon while untrained, but at what price? Is getting injured through a sufferfest worth a medal? What got you to the marathon will not get you to the 100-miler. What got you to the 5K PR wonât get you to the marathon PR. You must have a plan to get from Point A to Point B and then to Point C. If you plan to keep running for a long time, you must play the long game, and that requires smart progress.
3 â Accept the runner you are and train for it: You are not Eliud Kipchoge, and most likely you wonât be in the leading peloton at the Boston Marathon. Regardless of whether you are a local semi-elite or a back-of-the-pack runner, accept it so you can become the best runner you can be. If you are a 5-hour marathoner, it doesnât matter how much you train; you will not make it to the Olympics. But you can go sub-5. Focus on what will help you improve your journey, not through the pressure of Instagram make-believe lives. Eliminate external, unnecessary pressures and pursue the big goal that aligns with your reality.
Technology can be great and can be detrimental to your training. It is up to you to use it properly (Photo: Pexels).
4 â Variety is the key: Long-slow running is good. Zone 2 is good. Intervals are good. Cross-training is good. Goal pace runs are good. But you need to mix them up the right way to give your body enough recovery time to adapt to the work. In a recent article I read, Will Lennox wrote in GQ Australia: âTaking a leaf from the Bible and training for 40 days and 40 nights in a row in the hope some biblical-level miracle will happen to you is not going to get you into running heaven.â Rest. Give your body the chance to recover so it can do it again and guarantee your progress.
5 â It is not about gear and technology: While running on the wrong shoe can certainly be detrimental and even harmful to a runner, it is never the shoe that makes you faster. It is all in your preparation. A pair of super-shoes will give you an edge to shave those last few seconds from a 5K, but itâs not what will get you from a 3:30 to a Sub-3 marathoner. The same applies to the GPS watch. Donât let it rule your life. Turn off all the indicators of parameters you donât understand and/or distract you. Let them be tools, not the beacon that guides your running.
6 â Donât forget to have fun: Nothing kills the joy of running more than comparing yourself with friends and influencers. While the reasons for running vary for every athlete, running because you like it makes it easier to stick with it. Rebounding from a bad race or an injury will be easier. Accepting your limits instead of quitting will be a given.
In conclusion, we should simplify our running. This doesnât mean taking it easy, nor working hard, nor forgoing progress. It means unlocking the running potential you have today, smartly. This is what will keep you running for years to come.
Share your favorite running training strategy in the comments. Which one works best for you?
Back in June, I watched online as Faith Kipyegon unsuccessfully tried becoming the worldâs first sub-4 miler woman. The event was one of those multi-million-dollar circus shows put on by Nike to test human physical limitations. It was elaborate enough that, just like Eliud Kipchogeâs Sub-2 in 2019, it would not have counted as a world record should she succeed.
Athletics and the principle of diminishing returns (Image by ChatGPT)
Kipchoge needed to improve his marathon time by 100 seconds, and he did, finishing 19 seconds ahead of his previous record. Kipyegon needed to shave about 8 seconds (7.65) to achieve her goal, but she ended up about 6.5 seconds short. Even with the circus, space technology, support, and male pacing, she couldnât do it.
The failed attempt got me thinking about a basic concept in economics that easily applies to running: the principle of diminishing returns. In economics, this means that ff you improve one variable while keeping all the others constant, the incremental output gained from each extra unit will eventually fall. In other words, building a skyscraper in one day wonât be solved with more workers.
The same principle applies in athletics. Dr. George Sheehan, one of the greatest running writers, put it this way: âThe first mile is the most helpful one as far as conditioning goes. Each succeeding one gives less and less benefit than the one before. Runners who work more and more are working for less and less. [âŠ] It doesnât take much to get 90% fitness, only a few miles a day. But it takes progressively more and more training as you get closer to your ultimate potential. At the highest levels, you are putting in a huge investment for a very small return. It is the small gains what makes the difference between winning and losing.â
Think about it, itâs obvious. If not, it would be a matter of time and more miles before we all became elite athletes and broke world records. We all have a limit, and while reaching it is feasible, it requires a tremendous amount of work.
I recently heard Coach Steve Magness share a story where Shalane Flanagan told him something along the lines of, âThe difference between being in 2:30 marathon shape and 2:20 is astronomical.â For you and me, average, mid-to-back-of-the-pack marathoners, a 10-minute improvement may be a diligent training cycle away. For elites in a Marathon Major, this same result guarantees them peeing in a cup to verify cheating.
Nice background, Coach! But how does this apply to me, the average weekend warrior?
It is about training smarter, not harder (Image by ChatGPT)
I am glad you asked! The point of this introduction is for the reader to understand that the curve of progress in running flattens as we improve. It is a reality we canât solve with harder training. Progress is not a linear proposition.
And, while achieving the last 10% requires an astronomical effort, it is feasible. It is about figuring out what works for you. Just because Jacob Ingebrigtsen uses the Norwegian double threshold method doesnât mean it is the solution youâve been looking for. He is in such shape that this is the only type of training that will extract the extra hundredths of a second needed to break a world record. This training may land you, my dear average-runner reader, on the injury list.
Working around the principle of diminishing returns to reach your apex requires smarter training. Not just harder. As gains slow, finding that sweet spot between effort and recovery is the magic sauce. It may mean varying your workouts, adjusting intensity levels, or prioritizing recovery and nutrition more seriously. As we improve, we must tune into our bodyâs signals, such as fatigue, soreness, or lack of motivation. These can guide adjustments before you hit a training (or overtraining) wall. If in doubt, a training plan tailored exclusively for you may help you progress without burning out.
In conclusion, In athletics, more is not necessarily better. Most of what elite runners do to squeeze that last sliver of greatness out of their performance does not apply to you. We are all limitless, sure, but not in all areas of our human performance, athletics being one of them. Letâs work hard to reach our goals, but not at the expense of burning out.
What are your thoughts on this principle? I will read and answer your comments.
