5 Tips to “Train Like Kipchoge (Sorta)”,

5 Tips to “Train Like Kipchoge (Sorta)”,

by | May 30, 2023 | Article, Coaching, List, Reflection

By Coach Adolfo Salgueiro

 The most recent print edition of Runner’s World Magazine (2023/3) was Eliud Kipchoge centered. It had 8 stories that told us from his humble origins to his monastic lifestyle to a dissection of every detail of his record-setting running shoes to Evans Chebet as his most likely successor. It is the most detailed account I’ve seen of Kipchoge related info in one place.

Train like Kipchoge

Runner’s World magazine cover for the issue with the 8 Eliud Kipchoge related stories

The story that caught my attention is titled “Train Like Kipchoge (Sorta)”, by Sarah Gearhart, in which she shares five key aspects of Eliud’s training. My first thought was: how can we transfer them to us, simple mortals, to improve our running results. The article talks about how the greatest of all time (GOAT) does it, which doesn’t mean we must apply it in the exact same way. The key is to harness the key lesson of each one and make it part of our current circumstances.

These are the five principles, as per Runner’s World, with a personal commentary on how to apply it to our recreational runner training repertoire:

1 – Sleep like your run depends on it: Kipchoge sleeps 9 hours a night and takes naps. Most of us don’t have the time for that, but neither we are professionals, nor do we run 120 miles per week. The point is to be purposeful about your sleeping habits. Sleep as much as your body needs and don’t brag about your lack of sleep as a badge of honor. Our body recovers and rebuilds while we sleep, which is more valuable than all other recovery tools in your arsenal put together.

2 – Revive Sore Muscles with an Ice Bath: He takes 10-minute ice baths twice a week “to aid his post run recovery.” As recreational runners we may not have the facilities, the time or will tolerate this uncomfortable activity. But the point is that it works for him and despite the pain and inconvenience, he does it anyway because he works diligently on his recovery. Remember that you don’t become a better runner just as you finish your hard workout. You become a better runner once your body has recovered and adapted to the stress it just went through. So, be as diligent as Kipchoge in your recovery.

3 – Upgrade Your Diet with Protein: Kipchoge’s high-carb diet is essential for his training and performance, yet in 2017 he upgraded his protein intake “to aid his recovery as well as help to build and maintain his lean muscle.” The point here is that diet is key to training, performance and recovery. It is not a matter of how many calories we take in but the quality of those calories. If we fuel with a dozen donuts and a pint of ice cream, our weekly milage or our daily nap won’t really provide the benefit they should.

Train like Kipchoge

Stationary biking is one of the multiple options to enhance your aerobic capacity without overtaxing your system (Photo: William Adams, Pexels)

4 – Meditate to Build Mental Strength: Kipchoge is a “mindful runner” says his coach Patrick Sang. “While training and racing, he focuses on his breath and his movements, and aims to minimize outside distractions.” While not all of us can or want to live Kipchoge’s spartan life nor we have the will to perfecting the art of mindfulness, we can separate 10 minutes for daily meditation, we can read a book on mental toughness or practice the visualization of our goals without becoming Zen masters.

5 – Build Bonus Endurance on a Bike: Interesting to note that to add to his training volume “without increasing his risk of a running injury, Kipchoge rides a stationary bike for an hour twice a week after his runs.” For mere running aficionados like us, this is what we call cross training. Participating in a non-running activity once or twice a week to enhance our strength or aerobic training while resting our muscles and soft tissues from the pounding of running. Biking, rowing, weight training, yoga, elliptical, etc. Make sure you do something other than running to complement your training.

If these techniques work for the GOAT, scaling them down to our level would be beneficial. Don’t just think about it, do something about it and don’t take too much time getting started. Marathon season is around the corner.

To read the full Runner’s World article, you may click here.

 
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Book Review – Good to Go

Book Review – Good to Go

by | May 10, 2022 | Article, Book Review, Science

Written by Christie Aschwanden
Reviewed by Coach Adolfo Salgueiro

I heard of Christie Aschwanden a few months ago when she was as a guest on a running podcast that I follow. She was talking about recovery and she seemed very well versed in the subject. Not only that, but her experience in high-performance athletics as well as her background as an award-winning science journalist at The Washington Post and The New York Times, made me feel she was legit. The host also mentioned she had written a book on recovery, so I immediately ordered it.

Good to Go

A good book worth the money and time investment for anyone wanting to know more about athletic recovery.

As weekend warriors we tend to forget that our hard workouts, our weightlifting sessions, or our long runs will do nothing for us unless we allow our bodies to recover and adapt to what we just put them through. There will be no adaptation if we don’t rest and fuel ourselves properly. “Good to Go. What the Athlete in All of Us Can Learn from the Strange Science of Recovery” will help you gauge the different elements of recovery and put them in the right perspective.

The book is a tour through the many aspects of athletic recovery. It covers the things “everybody knows” through the ones that seem kind of way out there in the “snake oil” category. You can discern her journalistic and scientific background in her writing as she explored the many angles of each aspect of the science of recovery. I am not going to say that I read the papers she quotes to make up my mind on any aspect of what she presents, but if you start from the premise she is a solid researcher, as she seems to be, and an honest journalist, you will be impressed with what she presents in her book.

“Good to Go” is divided into 11 chapters. Each one goes in depth about an aspect of recovery. Nutrition, hydration, rest, compression, ice therapy, sleep, etc. They are individually treated and from several angles. With pros and cons, science research to back everything up, and the author’s personal experience trying many of the techniques and fads. Because the book was published in 2019, the author had access to the latest science and updates available, so you can learn a lot of new things.

The hydration chapter is fascinating. It goes through the history of the development of hydration as a science and how the sports drinks industry has taken over to popularize many myths that have become gospel in the endurance sports world. It is not that Gatorade doesn’t work, but it is not what it is marketed out to be either. You need to adapt your body to use its fluid resources wisely and then assist it with hydration while it works. A certain level of dehydration is perfectly normal. You don’t need to replenish every drop you sweat.

Good to Go

The author is an award-winning science journalist at The Washington Post and The New York Times.

As for fueling, I found was very interested in her debunking of the myth that there is a window of opportunity to feed your body after you wrap up your training. We’ve all heard that the magic window is the first hour, or even 30 minutes. She explains the science behind this and concludes that there is no “window of opportunity” but a “barn door of opportunity”. Your body is not going to reject the nutrient it needs just because they were offered too late for them to be absorbed. She concludes that unless you are to work out or compete again in a short period of time, there is no necessity to start refueling right away.

When it comes to sleep, there is one paragraph that blew my mind: “The benefits of sleep cannot be overstated. It is hands-down the most powerful recovery tool known to science. Nothing else comes close to sleep’s enhancing-recovery powers. You could add together every other recovery aid ever discovered, and they wouldn’t stack up. Going to sleep is like taking your body to the repair shop. While you doze, your body’s recovery processes ramp up to fix the damage you did during the day and get you ready to perform again”. Do you need to know anything else?

Of course I am synopsizing in one paragraph what I liked the most about entire chapters of about 20+ pages, with scientific quotations, personal experiences and field studies. What I am stating here is by no means the entire book, just a few comments to whet your appetite if you would like to learn more about these subjects.

The author also goes into detail on issues such as nutritional supplements, overtraining syndrome, and the placebo effect, providing you with scientific based information from several angles. These subjects, in conjunction with the other ones, will make you question some pre-conceived concepts you may have, and make you wonder if you’ve been approaching your recovery all wrong.

By the way, the book’s conclusion is that good sleep trumps every other aspect of recovery, so focus on that first. The rest is just icing on the cake.

“Good to Go. What the Athlete in All of Us Can Learn from the Strange Science of Recovery” is not only a good book, worth the money and time invested in it. It is also well written, very entertaining, and will leave you with valuable lessons that will make you a better athlete.

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Avoiding Bathroom Issues While Running

Avoiding Bathroom Issues While Running

by | Nov 30, 2021 | Article, List, Science

 By Coach Adolfo Salgueiro

 Not to be super graphic, but we runners behave like little kids when it comes to bathroom issues and bodily functions related jokes. A fundamental truth of our sport is that if you haven’t pooped your shorts while running, you just haven’t run enough. Keep running and you will.

We even have a term coined to describe that inescapable moment when we will inevitably have to face nature: “Code Brown”. Descriptive enough.

Bathroom Issues

Make sure you know where is the best place for a pit stop, before you may need it (Photo: Pexels)

I do believe that gastrointestinal issues in runners are as unavoidable as falling. Still, we must do our best, prepare as thoroughly as we can, pray for the best and eventually both fall down and poop our pants, anyway. But for that part that we can control, the key is to get intimate with your gastrointestinal system’s nuances. To build a relationship with it, so you can learn to listen to each other start working together.

But, as with any best friend, a spat here and there are part of the package. So, here are a few things you can work on to avoid unpleasant, running GI issues for as long as you can hold them at bay:

1 – Befriend the trial-and-error method: Make sure you take notes, mental or written, of what works on your behalf, and what doesn’t. This will allow you to know what is best to eat, when to eat it and, how much of it to eat. At the same time, it will let you know what to avoid and how far in advance to avoid it.

2 – Plan ahead: Even though GI issues may happen at any time, the most dreaded time is in the middle of the long run, when most likely you’ll be farther from home but hopefully, close to a stinky port-a-potty. Most of us have a solid idea on when we will be hitting the road, so we should time our food intake based on the best practices we have developed through time.

3 – Map out the bathrooms along your route: Hopefully, you won’t need them, but it is always good to know where they are, just in case. Gas stations, drug stores, supermarkets or isolated bushes will do the trick, but only if you know where they are.

4 – Time your pre long-run/race dinners: Some runners swear by the night-before pasta, others go for a burrito or a pizza. Regardless of the nutritious value of your meal, the key is to make sure it has been digested by the time you go to bed and/or start running. The timing of such meal, as well as pre-run snacks, is key to avoid unscheduled and unpleasant stops.

Bathroom Issues

You need to get intimate with your GI system so you can manage unpleasant stops as much as possible

5 – Try various fueling products until you find “the one”: There are hundreds of in-run fueling options in the market. Gels, powders, chewables, drinks, you name it. They also come in unnumerable flavors, concentrations and with added stimulants. After awful experiences with a certain brand of sugary gel, I found my favorite and I know what works for me. The time to figure out you can’t stomach a fifth gel should not be in the 22nd mile of your marathon.

6- Figure out how fiber, sugar and caffeine affect you: While all these substances are useful when consumed in the right quantities and times, each runner has its own level of tolerance for them. A bowl of oatmeal may be good for someone’s pre-run breakfast while it will have others running to the bushes. Same with caffeine. Sugar can hit your stomach hard if you consume too much of it during your run, especially as an ingredient of energy gels. Know what is best for you.

7 – Stay hydrated: This doesn’t mean only during your run, but in general, throughout your day. Dehydration can lead to GI issues such as constipation, bloating, nausea, ulcers, and acid reflux, among others. Remember that consuming alcohol sucks the moisture out of you, so avoid it, especially on hot days.

Any tips or horror stories you would like to share with my readership?

 

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The Lore and Facts of Carbo Loading

The Lore and Facts of Carbo Loading

by | Sep 28, 2021 | Article, Reflection, Science

By Coach Adolfo Salgueiro

 When I started running marathons in the early-1980s, back when dinosaurs roamed the earth, guzzling carbs indiscriminately was the way of life. The more carbs you ate, the more energy you would have stored for your long run the next day. It didn’t matter if they came from a pizza, your sixth bowl of pasta or a handful of cookies. The point was to ingest in as much as you could.

Carbo Loading

Regardless of how much pasta you eat the night before, your body can’t store beyond its capabilities (Photo by Anna Tis, from Pexels)

The thought process was that if carbs were good for endurance, more carbs would be better. And many, many more carbs would the way better. I recently heard an interview with Dr. Tim Noakes, the influential South African sports scientist and author of several books on exercise and diet, where he regretted his role in the popularization of the carbo-loading myth. He said that if you had an earlier edition of his groundbreaking book The Lore of Running, published in 1985, you should rip off the entire chapter on nutrition, where he champs this topic. He now preaches a low carb, high fat diet.

Now that there is money to be made, running has gone through tons of research in the last couple of decades. Nutrition is one of the subjects with most studies and scientific papers. Therefore hydration and gel options have grown exponentially in the last few years. Same with pre and post-workout powders and supplements. None of this was available way-back-when. We still call “water stations” by this name because when they started, that is all they offered. Gatorade came later. Earlier runs didn’t even have water. But I digress.

The science on glycogen is a bit complex to get into it in this post, plus, this is not a peer-reviewed paper for publication. There are plenty of resources available to explain what glycogen is and how it is metabolized to produce the energy that will push you forward. What is important to know is the new, science-based approach, about how to practice the proverbial carbo-loading.

Most runners are well familiarized with the term glycogen, the most immediate source of energy while we run. Anecdotally, I must have heard that word for the first time about 15 years ago, even though glycogen was discovered in 1857, four years before Abraham Lincoln became President.

In the early eighties there was this theory that if you depleted your body from carbohydrates the week of the marathon and about 3 days prior you started consuming carbs indiscriminately, your body would absorb more and thus have a bigger reserve. Despite the fact this silly theory has been disproven, it is still practiced by some marathoners today, to atrocious results. The amount your body can store is finite. So, regardless of how much pasta you swallow the night before, you won’t be able to collect more than what your body’s capacity allows.

Carbs are very important for a runner, thus the carbo-load. We do so to restore the glycogen stores in our muscles and liver. Just by being alive, our body burns through its glycogen. They deplete faster with activity. We need to replenish them to provide our body with quick fuel to burn during our runs. You could train your body to burn fat instead of glycogen as its primary source of fuel but that is beyond the scope of this post.

Carbo Loading

It is not just about carbs. They have to be the right carbs (Photo by Dana Tentis, from Pexels)

Assuming you are well hydrated, appropriately fed and in good health, your body has all the resources it may need to run from a 5K to a half marathon. There’s no need to overthink those aspects of your race unless it is an extremely hot or humid (or both) day. Beyond that, each mile is pushing your body closer to its reserve limits. And when the reserves get depleted, you hit the no-longer-so-mythical wall. Therefore, for longer races a hydration and fueling strategy is imperative.

Now, the other important point to consider is that not all carbs are created equal. Stuffing yourself with Oreos, Doritos and donuts is not carbo-loading. Those are simple carbohydrates that are broken down immediately and enter the bloodstream as sugars. They do not get stored for later use in your muscles or liver, thus, contributing nothing to what you should be trying to accomplish. This is the reason most sports drinks and gels are packed with sugars and simple carbs. So they can be tapped immediately by your system to produce energy. You wouldn’t carbo load with those.

What you’d rather be doing is consuming complex carbohydrates, such as brown rice, quinoa, oats, sweet potatoes, vegetables, and whole grain pastas. They take longer to break down and get stored in your muscles so they can be used later, like when you are running/racing. All this works better if you prepare your system, so these products become a compliment to your body resources and not the only source of energy production for long distance running.

Time has come to change our view on the old science. Time has come to adopt what the new research has shown to work. Let’s move forward, then.

 
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To Fast or Not to Fast?

To Fast or Not to Fast?

by | Aug 5, 2020 | Article, Coaching

By Coach Adolfo Salgueiro

It is an ongoing debate between runners, coaches, scientists and onlookers in general if we should run in a fasting state or not. Despite all the science, studies, anecdotal evidence and articles on the subject, the verdict boils down to a simple two-word answer: It depends.

Fasting

Figuring out what to eat and when is the responsibility of each runner.

It depends on what type of runner you are, how long you are running, when you’re going for a run, what are you trying to accomplish, and so many other factors. There are as many answers as there are runners. And what works for you doesn’t necessarily work for me.

If you run first thing in the morning, you can do a simple A/B testing and figure out what works for you. There are people that can’t function without a coffee and there are people that will have to rush behind the bushes if they have a coffee before running. You can try with an apple, or a banana, or a bagel, or toast, and from there find out what helps you out and what upsets your stomach. A running partner once told me she had a bowl of oatmeal before our long runs. If I had a bowl of oatmeal, I would be the one running for the bushes.

The key to this is not to overdo it. You are just looking to top off your glycogen stores before you hit the road. You are not taking breakfast. Digestion uses a lot of blood, same as running does. So when the body diverts the blood to fuel your running, digestion stops. The rest I will leave to your imagination.

Running on a fasting state, you will teach your body to use its own resources without depending on outside fueling. This is beneficial when you are training for a long effort, usually the half-marathon and above. As you your body adapts to the finite amount of glycogen it has available, it learns to use its stored fat as a source of fuel. This becomes invaluable when you go beyond the 18-20-mile mark, so you can avoid the dreaded wall.

I want to make absolutely clear that I am not saying to go run 18-20 miles just with what you woke up with. You should not neglect your fueling strategy (that is a topic beyond the scope of this blog post). What I am saying is that running in a fasting state will train your body to reach that critical point with something left in the tank.

Fasting

The time of the day in which you run is one of the key variables on fasting or not

The time of the day in which you run is key on deciding if fasting or not fasting is right for you. If you run in the afternoon, you shouldn’t be fasting all day. What you must do is adjust your eating habits so you can fulfill your training without interrupting digestion. Once again: A/B testing. You will have to discover what works best for you. You will have to eat something before your run, but what and when is the key. It could be some fruit, or a sandwich or handful of almonds; either two or three hours before your run. Or maybe its just one hour. It is your responsibility to figure that out.

Even if you prefer running in a fasting state, you must prepare for the task you will be facing. If you are running New York, or Boston, where you may be starting at 11AM, you can’t do it in a fasting state. You must eat something hearty for breakfast with enough time to digest (about 4 hours). You breakfast needs to be a low-waste meal so you can avoid number-2 unscheduled breaks. Astronauts for the first Mercury and Gemini missions, when bathrooms were not available in their spacecrafts, used to eat filet mignon, eggs and toast before launch. You may want to switch the filet mignon for another type of protein but in general, this is a great option. One that needs to be practiced before race day.

My recommendation is to start working on your A/B testing right away. Find the benefits and the drawbacks of fasting or not; of eating and eating what; of eating or not based on how long are you planning to go; on when to eat; on figuring out if coffee, oatmeal, fruit, toast or whatever, works best for you; or not. The time to work on this, is now, not when you are tapering for your marathon or the morning of your goal race.

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