While names like Frank Shorter, Bill Rodgers, Eliud Kipchoge, Grete Waitz, Haile Gebrselassie or Fred Lebow are known by many as some of the most influential people in the history of contemporary running, Arthur Lydiard’s is less known by the masses. Yet, most of our training plans, including some for the aforementioned runners, are based on Lydiard’s periodization principles. Born in New Zealand in 1917 (passed away in 2004), he is well known among coaching circles and by those curious enough to figure out where the basics of their training plans are coming from.
A well written book worth the time and money for those who care about the history of running.
Arthur was a local running elite who started keeping track of his training and figuring out what worked better for him. He focused on what made him better and discarded that what did not. He was no physiologist, medical doctor, or scientist. He was a shoemaker with a side gig as a milk deliveryman who just loved to run and get better at it.
His main discovery is that gains needed to be obtained slowly over time for the body to adapt and them to stick. That when the body adapts to the stimuli this gains remain and from there you can build on them. He realized that not everybody needs to run 50×400 like Emil Zatopek to become a better runner. The key for any distance from 800 to the marathon is endurance and you could obtain such endurance by developing your cardiovascular system. You do so by taking your time and running a lot of miles while recovering so you can do it, again.
As his New Zealand track and field teams had successful Olympic Games in 1960 and 1964, and Peter Snell, Murray Halberg and Barry Magee became household names in the world stage, coaches from around the world started approaching Arthur. Suddenly, Lydiard was “discovered” and became a coaching guru traveling the world.
Lydiard epitomized the Luke 4:24 biblical verse: “no prophet is accepted in his hometown”. Despite his multiple successes taking many compatriots into the top of the world stage, he kept fighting with the local sporting authorities who refused to accept his methods and ended up spreading his knowledge around the globe while New Zealanders were left behind.
Olympic Committees from Mexico, Finland, and Venezuela trusted him with the training of his athletes, some with better results than others. Japanese coaches and runners visited New Zealand to train with him. During the boom of Japanese world-class marathoners of the early to mid-eighties, Toshihiko Seko and the So twins, Shigeru, and Takeshi, were in part, his success.
Thet op runners of the Japanese world-class runners boom from the eighties were product of Lydiard’s principles: Toshihiko Seko, Takeshi and Shigeru Soh.
Lydiard’s periodization principles were so effective and revolutionary, that swimmers and horse trainers adopted them with the necessary adjustments and saw results. It has been used for decades by some of the most successful performers in those disciplines.
The March/April 1992 issue of Peak Running Performance magazine said: Lydiard\’s program epitomizes one general, but very critical concept related to exercise and sports physiology. This broad principle is gradual adaptation. While most athletes would call this \”plain old common sense\”, experience tells us that common sense is not so common–especially among runners who have a strong desire to improve their running.
Author Garth Gilmour condensed Arthur’s work in the following paragraph:
“First tested and found successful in the 1950s, the Lydiard system has undergone some subtle refinements through the years. But it remains the same elemental theory that first placed a small handful of ordinary runners, from Lydiard\’s immediate neighborhood in an Auckland, New Zealand, suburb, at the forefront of world middle and distance running for more than a decade and then, as Lydiard advanced from being a coach of runners to an international coach of coaches, spread around the running tracks and training centers of the entire world.”
This is a biography on the subject, not a scientific treaty of his findings or the application of his training theories. Sure, Lydiard may not be the sexiest of subjects for everyday runners, but he was an innovator with a legacy worth knowing about. Arthur Lydiard: Master Coach is well written book, pleasant to read. Well worth your time and money if you care for the creator of the core in which most of our training plans are based on.
This is Marci’s second contribution to the Foultips.run blog. She wrote “The Journey of the Fat Runner” back on March 30th, which is by far, the most read post in the history of this blog.
“It’s not a workout if it’s not at least 3 miles.”
“I have to hit the gym for an hour, at least.”
“I run every single day.”
“If I don’t work out for 30 minutes, it doesn’t count.”
I’m guilty of thinking and doing all these things in the past. How about you?
10,000 steps a day is an arbitrary number set by a marketing ocmpany (Photo: Blue Bird, Pexels.com)
Did you know that 10,000 steps is an arbitrary number picked by a marketing company, not by science? 4,500 steps per day is the number found to make a difference in overall health, and the benefit doesn’t increase much, the higher your step count.
American lives are busy. Our culture doesn’t value rest, so we are constantly driven to be productive. We keep our kids in every activity imaginable, we work full time, we are expected to have clean houses and manicured yards, cook “healthy” meals, and, oh! don’t forget self-care! Not to mention, our bodies are held to a physical ideal that most people will never match, no matter how much time we spend in a gym. But we must look like we’re trying, so we add in working out regularly to the list of other productive things we must do each day.
No wonder we’re all exhausted.
As a running coach, there are two questions I get more than any others. One is, “How do I get rid of shin splints?” (not covered in this post). The other is, “How do I stay motivated?”
And it’s no wonder that people feel the need to ask that question, because our lives are so full and so busy that fitting one more hour-long workout into our days can sometimes seem like a herculean task. We forget all the other things we’ve been motivated to do all day and feel worthless and exhausted at the end of the day because that workout just didn’t fit into all of it.
Have you ever considered doing… less?
Fitness isn’t a look, it’s a lifestyle. It’s movement, which our bodies are designed to do naturally. And if you’re one of those people who never has a problem with motivation and gets to the gym or hits the road every day, like clockwork, and never feels a lag in your desire to do so, great! But I’d be willing to bet that something else in that list of societal expectations will suffer sooner or later. Because our bodies need rest, and our societal expectations are waaay too high.
There are a few things I would suggest to help change that.
If you find yourself constantly saying: “The workout doesn’t count if it isn’t ___.” But then you also find yourself skipping workouts because you can’t fit another ___ timeslot into your day, you might consider changing your outlook on fitness. Our bodies are designed to move, but that movement doesn’t have to be in prescribed timeslots or for continuous periods. Fitness should be a lifestyle, which means movement every day WITHIN our days, as a part of our days, naturally.
You can always fit in movement into your office hours if you plan it properly (Photo: Andrea Piacquadio, Pexels.com)
Small bites work. Doing a mobility exercise for two minutes after sitting at your desk for an hour has measurable benefits. Keep a list of easy exercises beside your computer and take 2-5 minute breaks throughout your workday, and you’ll have completed a 30 minute workout by the time you go home. You will feel better in your mind and body, plus you’ll have freed up a 30-minute period to cuddle and read a story with your kiddo.
Other things like taking the stairs instead of the elevator, or parking further back in the lot help, as well. Setting a reminder on your phone or watch is helpful. Taking a walk or run on your lunch break can be beneficial, but please, don’t skip the meal if your body is hungry (looking into intuitive eating would be a good thing, too).
All these things help to take motivation out of the equation, because the movement becomes a habit, not a requirement. Even running can be done like this (unless you’re training for longer distances, then please follow your coach’s plan). A 5-minute run is better than no run. And you may find that you feel just as good after a quick loop around the block in the middle of the day as you would after an hour-long run after a busy day.
What I’m saying is, be gentle with yourself. Take small bites. Of life, of fitness, of society’s expectations. Start small. You may find that it leads to larger things, but if it doesn’t, that’s perfectly okay, too. We all have our responsibilities – do what you can to fit fitness into your life in a comfortable way. It should never hurt, and you should always feel good about it at the end of the day.
*Maci is a RRCA Certified running coach, who runs “The Fat Athlete” website. If you want more information on her groups, you can request it by emailing coach.thefatathlete@gmail.com; or you can follow her in Instagram @The_Fat_Athlete.
When I worked for the Florida Marlins in the early 1990s, manager Rene Lachemann often used a phrase that has stuck with me, almost 30 years later. Whenever a reporter asked him about an aspect of the game that was beyond his grasp, such as a pitching change from the opponent or the weather, he would indefectibly respond: “I can’t worry about something I can’t control.” For me, this has become a life lesson: If you can’t control it, don’t dwell on it, adjust, and move forward.
This applies perfectly to our running lives.
Crowded racing conditions are beyond our control, so suck it up and move forward (Photo: Pexels)
Just like Lachemann preached, we should only worry about the aspects of our running that we can have under our grasp. Other than that, we adjust to the realities that face us on the asphalt or the trail as soon as possible and then move forward. The obstacles are not going away regardless of how frustrating they may be, regardless of how much you bitch about them, so move on.
When it is time to run, workout or race, being cold, hot, humid, raining, too many people in the gym or the Garmin is not hitting the satellites, are irrelevant. No one expects you to run in the middle of an electric storm or run by a pack of stray dogs just because you carry mace. But you can always hit the treadmill if you have access to one, regardless of how boring it may be. You can run with a bottle of water if it is too hot and/or humid. You can dress up in layers for the chilly weather. You can run by feel if you forgot your watch. You can change your route if something doesn’t feel right. You get the point.
Also beyond our control are racing conditions. A bottleneck in the first curve, having to weave around slower runners, headwinds, inconsiderate people walking five side-by-side when they should have started at the back, people who abruptly stop at a water station, etc. Unless you always run in the front, you must have experienced most of these circumstances.
An uncharged running watch is not a valid excuse for skipping a workout
There are also issues that should have been under our control that just pop up unexpectedly. I’m referring to shoelaces getting undone, dropping off your phone, not carrying enough gels or chafing, just to name few. When these things occur, is there a solution? Yes, there is: Own your mistake. Do what you must do, get over the obstacle and keep moving forward. Don’t let it ruin your race. No amount of kicking and screaming will fix it. So suck it up!
Instead, concentrate on the aspects of your training and racing that are 100 percent under your domain. Those for which you can’t make excuses. Those where, if something happens, it is all on you. I am referring to, among others:
– Following your training plan
– Following your racing strategy
– Sticking to your fueling and hydration plan
– Dressing appropriately for the weather
– Inspecting your running gear to avoid forgetting something or malfunctions
– Making sure your shoes are tied up properly
– Charging your running watch
– Developing a personal mantra that will keep you strong during the inevitable challenging times
– Preparing mentally for the workout or race you are about to undergo
– Choosing a training course or race that suits what you are trying to accomplish
– Hydrating and fueling properly before your run/race to ensure optimal results
Of course, this is not a comprehensive list of items that are under your control, just a handful of them to enlighten you on how much actually is in your hands when you set up for a training session or you stand on a starting line.
So let’s be diligent on what we can control and let’s make sure we can endure what we can’t, and then move forward.
Note from the Editor: I am subscribed to the “Running and Schmidt” blog by Coach Shelby. A few weeks ago she wrote a funny post. It was funny only because it was real, and somehow reflected the true nature of every morning runner out there. Every runner will be able to find a little bit of him/herself in these random thoughts. I am publishing her post with her permission.
Feel free to contribute with your own thoughts in the comments section. Enjoy!
There are countless tihngs that go through the mind of morning runners. Some, funnier than others (Picture by libreshot.com)
If you wake up at ungodly hours to run countless miles, you can safely fall into the category of \”crazy morning runner\”. You know them, you see them, you are them: we are the ones with headlights, neon vests, half opened eye lids and enough coffee in us to fuel a small rocket.
Most of us don\’t run with headphones at that time of the morning, for safety, so we have A LOT of time to think. Have you ever run more than three miles without headphones? I don’t love it. It allows me to have WAY too much time to think and my mind is like black hole with no end in sight.
While my endless thoughts just won’t stop, every once in a while, I come up with some gems that I can’t help but share.
So, with that being said, I present you:
Internal Morning Running Thoughts
WHY am I up this early!?!?
When does the time change for it to be brighter earlier? (Then repeats “spring forward fall back” and try to do math at 5am to what time it would actually be).
Passing the same house you did earlier but now they have lights on: “Ohhhh look who’s awake now.”
Seeing someone’s garbage/recycle full to the top: “Damn! did someone have a party?”
When you see another runner like you crazy enough to give up sleep: “Did we just become best friends?”
Seeing a dark object that I can’t fully make out: “Is that a human/dog/ wild animal.”
When a car seems to be slowly coasting along past every house: “What is that car doing? I’m gonna break out my ninja moves—watch out!!!!! Oh it’s just paper delivery l, carry on.”
Literally, every time I bump my pepper spray against myself: “Please don’t let me pepper spray myself.”
Passing houses with lights on: “Doesn’t anyone sleep around here!?!”
When there is a mound of tree clippings taking up half the sidewalk or road: “Do they have any trees left?!?”
When anyone comes around a corner, otherwise of the street or basically into existence remotely near me: “Stay awayyyy!”
I know I can’t be the only one to have these thoughts and I’m sure that everyone has their own!
What are some of the thoughts you have?
*Shelby Schmidt is a running coach certified by RRCA. You can follow her in Instagram at @runningschmidt, and read her blog at https://www.runningandschmidt.com/
When I started running marathons in the early-1980s, back when dinosaurs roamed the earth, guzzling carbs indiscriminately was the way of life. The more carbs you ate, the more energy you would have stored for your long run the next day. It didn’t matter if they came from a pizza, your sixth bowl of pasta or a handful of cookies. The point was to ingest in as much as you could.
Regardless of how much pasta you eat the night before, your body can’t store beyond its capabilities (Photo by Anna Tis, from Pexels)
The thought process was that if carbs were good for endurance, more carbs would be better. And many, many more carbs would the way better. I recently heard an interview with Dr. Tim Noakes, the influential South African sports scientist and author of several books on exercise and diet, where he regretted his role in the popularization of the carbo-loading myth. He said that if you had an earlier edition of his groundbreaking book The Lore of Running, published in 1985, you should rip off the entire chapter on nutrition, where he champs this topic. He now preaches a low carb, high fat diet.
Now that there is money to be made, running has gone through tons of research in the last couple of decades. Nutrition is one of the subjects with most studies and scientific papers. Therefore hydration and gel options have grown exponentially in the last few years. Same with pre and post-workout powders and supplements. None of this was available way-back-when. We still call “water stations” by this name because when they started, that is all they offered. Gatorade came later. Earlier runs didn’t even have water. But I digress.
The science on glycogen is a bit complex to get into it in this post, plus, this is not a peer-reviewed paper for publication. There are plenty of resources available to explain what glycogen is and how it is metabolized to produce the energy that will push you forward. What is important to know is the new, science-based approach, about how to practice the proverbial carbo-loading.
Most runners are well familiarized with the term glycogen, the most immediate source of energy while we run. Anecdotally, I must have heard that word for the first time about 15 years ago, even though glycogen was discovered in 1857, four years before Abraham Lincoln became President.
In the early eighties there was this theory that if you depleted your body from carbohydrates the week of the marathon and about 3 days prior you started consuming carbs indiscriminately, your body would absorb more and thus have a bigger reserve. Despite the fact this silly theory has been disproven, it is still practiced by some marathoners today, to atrocious results. The amount your body can store is finite. So, regardless of how much pasta you swallow the night before, you won’t be able to collect more than what your body’s capacity allows.
Carbs are very important for a runner, thus the carbo-load. We do so to restore the glycogen stores in our muscles and liver. Just by being alive, our body burns through its glycogen. They deplete faster with activity. We need to replenish them to provide our body with quick fuel to burn during our runs. You could train your body to burn fat instead of glycogen as its primary source of fuel but that is beyond the scope of this post.
It is not just about carbs. They have to be the right carbs (Photo by Dana Tentis, from Pexels)
Assuming you are well hydrated, appropriately fed and in good health, your body has all the resources it may need to run from a 5K to a half marathon. There’s no need to overthink those aspects of your race unless it is an extremely hot or humid (or both) day. Beyond that, each mile is pushing your body closer to its reserve limits. And when the reserves get depleted, you hit the no-longer-so-mythical wall. Therefore, for longer races a hydration and fueling strategy is imperative.
Now, the other important point to consider is that not all carbs are created equal. Stuffing yourself with Oreos, Doritos and donuts is not carbo-loading. Those are simple carbohydrates that are broken down immediately and enter the bloodstream as sugars. They do not get stored for later use in your muscles or liver, thus, contributing nothing to what you should be trying to accomplish. This is the reason most sports drinks and gels are packed with sugars and simple carbs. So they can be tapped immediately by your system to produce energy. You wouldn’t carbo load with those.
What you’d rather be doing is consuming complex carbohydrates, such as brown rice, quinoa, oats, sweet potatoes, vegetables, and whole grain pastas. They take longer to break down and get stored in your muscles so they can be used later, like when you are running/racing. All this works better if you prepare your system, so these products become a compliment to your body resources and not the only source of energy production for long distance running.
Time has come to change our view on the old science. Time has come to adopt what the new research has shown to work. Let’s move forward, then.
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